A kinetic account for amphetamine-induced monoamine release

Vesicular Transport Regulates Monoamine Storage and Release but Is Not Essential for Amphetamine Action

To assess the role of exocytotic release in signaling by monoamines, we have disrupted the neuronal vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) gene. VMAT2-/- mice move little, feed poorly, and die within a few days after birth. Monoamine cell groups and their projections are indistinguishable from those of wild-type littermates, but the brains of mutant mice show a drastic reduction in monoamine...

Topiramate selectively attenuates nicotine-induced increases in monoamine release.

It is widely held that the reinforcing and dependence-producing properties of nicotine rely on activation of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) system. This notion is primarily derived from demonstrations that lesions of ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons projecting to the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) can reduce both locomotor activation and the reinforcing effects of nicotine (Clarke et al.,...

A Mechanism for Amphetamine-Induced Dopamine Overload

The kinetic mechanisms of monoamine oxidases A and B.

Introduction Questions raised by the existence of two forms of monoamine oxidase (MAO) with overlapping distribution, substrate specificities and inhibitor sensitivities has fascinated pharmacologists and biochemists for several decades (for recent reviews, see [l-31). It is now known that the flavin sites are identical [4] and, indeed, that the two enzymes show 71% sequence homology [2]. The d...

Modulation of amphetamine-induced striatal dopamine release by ketamine in humans: implications for schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND Recent brain imaging studies have indicated that schizophrenia is associated with increased amphetamine-induced dopamine release in the striatum. It has long been hypothesized that dysregulation of subcortical dopamine systems in schizophrenia might result from a failure of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to adequately control subcortical dopaminergic function. The activity of midbrain d...